What does proper surface preparation prevent in windshield installations?

Proper surface preparation in windshield installations is crucial for ensuring that the adhesive adheres correctly to both the windshield and the vehicle frame. This process involves cleaning the surfaces to remove any dust, debris, grease, or old adhesive. When the surfaces are adequately prepared, it creates a strong bond, which prevents several common issues.

One key advantage of proper preparation is the prevention of air leaks. If the surfaces are not clean and smooth, the bond may be weak, leading to gaps that allow air to escape or enter, causing whistling noises or drafts inside the vehicle.

Similarly, proper surface preparation also helps prevent water leaks. If the adhesive does not form a complete seal due to contaminants or imperfections, there's a risk that water can penetrate the cabin during rain or car washes, potentially leading to moisture damage or mold growth.

Furthermore, thorough surface preparation prevents adhesive failure. If the adhesive cannot properly bond due to inadequate surface conditions, it could result in the windshield detaching or failing under stress, which can pose serious safety risks.

Considering these factors, the correct choice emphasizes that all effects—air leaks, water leaks, and adhesive failure—are directly related to the quality of surface preparation during windshield installations.